Гіперзвукові протикорабельні ракети: реальні переваги, обмеження та умови бойової ефективності на морі

Abstract

The article examines hypersonic anti-ship missiles (ASM) as an element of modern naval weapons and as part of a broader chain of “detection - tracking - targeting - strike - assessment of results.” It analyzes which properties of hypersonic technology increase combat effectiveness and which only complicate the implementation of the system as a whole. It is shown that “hypersonic” is not a self-sufficient factor of advantage; reconnaissance, target designation, stability of control and correction channels in the cruise phase, as well as targeting in conditions of active countermeasures remain decisive. Particular attention is paid to the differences between hypersonic cruise, ballistic, and quasi-ballistic anti-ship missiles, the characteristics of their trajectories, and the dependence of their actual effectiveness on flight profile, salvo density, level of multi-domain support, and the enemy's readiness to repel a combined strike. The conditions under which hypersonic anti-ship missiles are most effective are identified, as well as the limitations that reduce their practical effectiveness when striking moving maritime targets at long ranges.