Модернізація виробничого потенціалу й технічне переозброювання підприємств обороно-промислового комплексу як первинний етап його наступної кластеризації

Abstract

In the conditions of the aggression of the russian federation, intensive military operations and limited budgetary resources, Ukrainian defense and military enterprises faced a difficult dilemma: whether it is more expedient in the short term to modernize the existing production potential, is it necessary to direct efforts and funds to radical technical rearmament in order to ensure long-term technological superiority? This problem became particularly relevant during 2022–2024, when due to the critical need for operational supply of weapons to the Armed Forces, enterprises were often forced to abandon the previously planned development of high-tech samples and instead returned to the production of products that were developed more than 25–35 years ago.

That is, an alternative approach to full modernization can be the selective rearmament of only critical links of technological chains, where modernization for economic reasons is more expedient compared to the continued use of outdated technologies. To formalize this problem, the authors use a mathematical model in the form of an optimization problem with two alternatives. The main goal of the model is to maximize the overall effect or utility of the investment, taking into account costs, resource constraints and expected results.

In the article, the authors combine a formalized approach with empirical insights, which allows for reasonable decision-making regarding the technological trajectory of the development of defense industry enterprises in the conditions of war and post-war recovery. The initially built model can become the basis for the development of strategic modernization programs, the formation of state investment priorities and the evaluation of the effectiveness of the use of resources in the sphere of the defense-industrial complex of Ukraine.